07+Jefferson+Era


 * The Jeffersonian Era || American Authors and Nationalism ||
 * Public and private education ||  ||
 * Noah Webster || an American lexicographer, textbook author, spelling reformer, word enthusiast, and editor. He has been called the “Father of American Scholarship and Education.” His “Blue-Backed Speller” books were used to teach spelling and reading to five generations of American children. ||
 * Second Great Awakening || a period of great religious revival that extended into the antebellum period of the United States, with widespread Christian evangelism and conversions. It was named for the Great Awakening, a similar period which had transpired about half a century beforehand. It generated excitement in church congregations throughout New England, the mid-Atlantic, Northwest and the South. Individual preachers such as Charles Grandison Finney, Lyman Beecher, Barton Stone, Peter Cartwright, and Asahel Nettleton became very well known as a result. Evangelical participation in social causes was fostered which changed American life in areas such as prison reform, abolitionism, and temperance. ||
 * Deism and religious skepticism ||  ||
 * Eli Whitney and the cotton gin || a machine that quickly and easily separates the cotton fibers from the seeds, a job previously done by hand. ||
 * Robert Fulton and the steamboat || Robert Fulton is credited with turning the steam boat into an economic success. Steamboats transformed American shipping as boats could now go up river, against the current. ||
 * Turnpikes || a road on which drivers must pay a toll/tax. ||
 * Urbanization || the physical growth of rural or natural land into urban areas as a result of population immigration to an existing urban area. ||
 * Jefferson's presidency || media type="custom" key="10726260" ||
 * Washington, D.C. ||  ||
 * Barbary Coast piracy || Muslim pirates and privateers who operated from North Africa from the time of the Crusades (11th century) until the early 19th century. Based in North African ports such as Tunis, Tripoli, Algiers, Salé, and other ports in Morocco, they sailed mainly along the stretch of northern Africa known as the Barbary Coast.[1] Their predation extended throughout the Mediterranean, south along West Africa's Atlantic seaboard, and into the North Atlantic as far north as Iceland, and they primarily commandeered western European ships in the western Mediterranean Sea ||
 * John Marshall || n American statesman and jurist who shaped American constitutional law and made the Supreme Court a center of power. Marshall was Chief Justice of the United States, serving from February 4, 1801, until his death in 1835. He served in the United States House of Representatives from March 4, 1799, to June 7, 1800, and, under President John Adams, was Secretary of State from June 6, 1800, to March 4, 1801. ||
 * Marbury v. Madison || formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution. ||
 * Impeachment || the first of two stages in a specific process for a legislative body to consider whether or not to forcibly remove a government official from office. The impeachment itself brings the charges against the government. ||
 * The Louisiana Purchase || the acquisition by the United States of America of 828,800 square miles (2,147,000 km2) of the French territory Louisiane in 1803. The U.S. paid 60 million francs ( $ 11,250,000) plus cancellation of debts worth 18 million francs ($3,750,000), a total cost of $15,000,000 for the Louisiana territory. ||
 * Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1800 || a secretly negotiated treaty between [|France] and [|Spain] in which Spain returned the colonial territory of [|Louisiana] to France. ||
 * Napoleonic Wars ||  ||
 * Lewis and Clark Expedition ||  ||
 * Aaron Burr ||  ||
 * Impressment ||  ||
 * The Embargo, 1808 ||  ||
 * The Non-Intercourse Act, 1809 ||  ||
 * The "Indian Problem" ||  ||
 * Tecumseh and the Prophet ||  ||
 * Spain and Florida ||  ||
 * Battle of New Orleans ||  ||
 * Treaty of Ghent, 1814 ||  ||
 * Hartford Convention, 1814 ||  ||
 * Rush—Bagot Agreement, 1817 ||  ||