26+The+New+Deal

New Deal John L Lewis ||  || media type="youtube" key="jrOpNSosnNw" height="344" width="425" ||
 * "Fireside chats" |||| FDR's talks to the public over the radio. Gave a sense of a comfortable conversation in a person's own home. ||  ||
 * Emergency Banking Act || permitted healthy banks to reopen with a Treasury Department license and provided for the orderly management of failed banks. It also enlarged the government's regulatory power over money and banking. ||
 * Twenty‑First Amendment || Ended national prohibition ||
 * Agricultural Adjustment Act || placed a tax on farm products when first processed for the market. Provided a variety of methods for increasing farm income. ||
 * Agricultural subsidies || The government payed farmers to decrease production, hoping to drive up food prices. Ended up hurting sharecroppers. ||
 * National Industrial Recovery Act || officially known as the **Act of June 16, 1933** (Ch. 90, 48 Stat. 195, formerly codified at 15 U.S.C. sec. 703), was an American statute which authorized the President of the United States to regulate industry and permit cartels and monopolies in an attempt to stimulate economic recovery, and established a national public works program. ||
 * National Recovery Administration || Permitted industries to create "codes of fair competition." It also helped workers by setting minimum wages and weekly maximum working hours. However in 1935 the Supreme Court ruled it unconstitutional. ||
 * Minimum wage ||  ||
 * Public Works Administration || Provided jobs on major construction projects. Gov. provided 3.3 billion on major building projects. ||
 * Tennessee Valley Authority || Built a hydroelectric network that supplied cheap power to the Tennessee River Valley while also developing a flood-control system and a soil conservation program. ||
 * Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation || Insured all bank deposits up to five thousand dollars and separate deposit banking from investment banking. ||
 * Securities and Exchange Commission || Created to oversee the stock market ||
 * Government "dole" ||  ||
 * Work relief ||  ||
 * Civil Works Administration || Expended nearly a billion dollars on temporary work projects for the jobless. ||
 * Civilian Conservation Corps || Employed jobless youth with public service projects such as forestation and service conservation. ||
 * Farm Management Administration ||  ||
 * American Liberty League || was a U.S. organization formed in 1934 by conservative Democrats such as Al Smith (the 1928 Democratic presidential nominee), Jouett Shouse (former high party official and U.S. Representative), John W. Davis (the 1924 Democratic presidential nominee), and John Jacob Raskob (former Democratic National Chairman and the foremost opponent of prohibition), Dean Acheson (future Secretary of State under Harry Truman), along with many industrialists, notably Prescott Bush and members of the Du Pont family. ||
 * Dr. Francis E. Townsend || Townsend plan $200 each month to Americans over 60. ||
 * Father Charles E. Coughlin || was a Canadian-born Roman Catholic priest at Royal Oak, Michigan's National Shrine of the Little Flower Church. He was one of the first political leaders to use radio to reach a mass audience, as more than forty million tuned to his weekly broadcasts during the 1930s. Coughlin used his radio program to promote Franklin D. Roosevelt and his early New Deal proposals, to issue antisemitic commentary, and later to rationalize some of the policies of National Socialist Adolf Hitler and Fascist Benito Mussolini. ||
 * Huey Long || created the Share Our Wealth program in 1934, with the motto "Every Man a King," proposing new socialist wealth redistribution measures in the form of a net asset tax on corporations and individuals to curb the poverty and crime resulting from the Great Depression. ||
 * Second New Deal || Begins 1935 with sick chicken case ||
 * National Labor Relations Board || Established by the Wagner Act. Oversaw elections of labor representation. Had authority to penalize illegal practices. ||
 * Industrial unions || United Auto Workers, United Mine Works, US Steel Workers Association, CIO ||
 * Congress of Industrial Organizations || proposed by John L. Lewis in 1932, was a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 required union leaders to swear that they were not Communists. Many CIO leaders refused to obey that requirement, later found unconstitutional. The CIO merged with the AFL in 1955. The CIO supported Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal Coalition, and was open to African Americans. Both federations grew rapidly during the Great Depression. ||
 * United Mine workers
 * United Auto Workers || CIO union organized by Walter Reuther ||
 * Sit‑down strike || Fisher body plant of GM ||
 * Memorial Day Massacre || Ford security forces kill strikers. ||
 * Social Security Act || The Social Security Act was drafted during Roosevelt's first term by the President's Committee on Economic Security, under Frances Perkins; provided benefits to retirees and the unemployed, and a lump-sum benefit at death. ||
 * Unemployment insurance || part of Social Security Adminsitration ||
 * National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) ||  || an independent federal agency created by Congress in 1935 to administer the **National Labor Relations Act**, the primary law governing relations between unions and employers in the private sector. The statute guarantees the right of employees to organize and to bargain collectively with their employers, and to engage in other protected concerted activity with or without a union, or to refrain from all such activity. ||
 * Works Progress Administration || Employed 3M in theater project, nya, ccc etc ||
 * Election of 1936 || was the most lopsided presidential election in American history. Taking place during the Great Depression, FDR won another term against Alf Landon the Republican who was a political moderate. ||  ||   ||
 * Party realignment || Blacks, agricultural, industrial workers, cities go to the Democrats ||
 * Court‑packing plan || total of 15 justices, 50 new federal judges ||
 * Recession of 1937 || raised unemployment back to 10M with cutback of wpa and social security taxes. ||
 * Broker state ||  ||
 * Black cabinet || A group of African-American public policy advisers to FDR. ||
 * Indian Reorganization Act || stopped the sale of tribal lands and enabled tribes to regain title to their unallocated lands. Congress scaled back John Collier's vision of Indian self government and dropped the original bills calls for traditional tribal culture renewal. ||
 * Francis Perkins || the U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman ever appointed to the US Cabinet . As a loyal supporter of her friend Franklin D. Roosevelt, she helped pull the labor movement into the New Deal coalition. ||
 * Eleanor Roosevelt || First Lady to FDR.. Joined Florence Kelley's National Consumers' League at age 18. Helped to shape FDR's ideas by exposing him to the reformers, social workers and advocates of minority rights. 1935 began a regular syndicated newspaper column "My Day." ||  ||